Broaching is a machining process that produces a flat surface on the end of a cylindrical object. There are three main types of broaching: linear, rotary, and orbital. Each type has its own unique benefits and drawbacks. In this article, we will explore each type of broaching and discuss when it should be used. Stay tuned!

What is broaching?

A broaching operation is a machining procedure which is employed to make an accurately finished hole or eliminate material on the piece of work. A specific kind of tool is employed for broaching , also known as broach. 

Broaches are machines that have multiple cutting teeth. Multiple cutting edges used in broaching operations produce a smooth surface, less needing the finishing of surfaces. It is typically used for finishing shapes, which include non-circular keyways, holes, etc. It is necessary to have high pressures for broaching, in contrast to other processes for machining.

Types of broaching:

Internal broaching

Internal broaching is the broaching process where the entire broach is introduced into the workpiece’s surface and is then released in the opposite direction to create the final cut. Internal broaching can be used to create keyways, holes, teeth, etc. 

Internal broaching can also be used to increase the size of a hole previously drilled because of its precision. The hole previously drilled has to be bigger than the smallest size of the diameter broach. In the beginning, the broach is placed in the hole that was drilled and it is pulled or pushed across the opening. 

The push broaching technique can be employed with a hydraulic machine, and pull broaching is utilized for a greater yield. Different kinds of holes can be made through internal broaching methods, such as circular holes keyways and triangular holes, square holes, etc.

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External broaching

External broaching is the broaching process whereby the material is removed to the outside of the piece with the aid of broaches. Broaching that is external can also be referred to by the name of surface broaching. 

External broaching is possible by using machines for surface broaching. Simple surface broaching may also be accomplished using the inside of a broaching device. External broaches are designed to slide across the workpiece, which is then resisted by an anchor. 

The movement of the teeth onto the workpiece leads to taking away material off its surface. When the return stroke is completed there is a clearing between the workpieces and broach in order to prevent scratching because of the sharp edges.

Push or Pull Broaching

Pull and push broaching are the two other kinds of broaching you could pick from. The two types of broaching describe the motion of the broach tools. The tool can be pushed or pulled into the workpiece.

Push broaching calls for a narrow column that can withstand high pressure without breaking. It is typically employed for low-speed tasks.

For broaching that is more frequent it is recommended to use pull broaching. This type of broaching can be done in either vertical or horizontal ways and is a fast way to make precision components with high speed.